Israel and Jordan signed a declaration of intent on Thursday at the UN climate conference to conserve and protect their shared Jordan River – a sacred waterway nearly running dry because of climate change, pollution and other threats.
The agreement, struck at COP27 in Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt, where world leaders are discussing how to mitigate the escalating impact from a changing climate, marks an important, albeit initial, step in cooperation.
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Water cooperation was a key element of the 1994 peace treaty between the two countries but chilly relations over the past decades have complicated efforts to increase water supply to the Jordan River.
The plan announced Thursday is short on specifics. It says Israel and Jordan have promised to try to reduce river pollution by building up wastewater treatment facilities and upgrading sewer systems to prevent riverside cities from dumping raw sewage into the waters, according to a statement from the Israeli government.
The two countries also aim to promote sustainable agriculture, controlling runoff from farm fields and reducing the use of pesticides, it added, without elaborating on how.
"Cleaning up the pollutants and hazards, restoring water flow and strengthening the natural ecosystems will help us prepare and adapt to the climate crisis," said Minister of Environmental Protection Tamar Zandberg.
Jordan's state-run Petra news agency said the plan will hopefully increase water supplies and create job opportunities "for those living on both sides of the Jordan River, including Palestinians."
EcoPeace Middle East, a cross-border environmental group that has promoted Israeli-Jordanian-Palestinian cooperation on water issues, said the agreement to rehabilitate the Jordan River was "a critical climate adaptation measure that can help bring back 50% of the biodiversity lost because of decades of pollution and freshwater diversion."
The waterway also separates Jordan to the east from the West Bank. The river is also home to traditional sites where Jesus is believed to have been baptized, which draw tourism revenue for both countries.
In recent years the once-rushing waters of the Jordan River have been reduced to a trickle as population growth and climate change take their toll.
Jordan reported on Thursday that the river's runoff has plummeted to a mere 7% of what it once was. Because its waters feed into the Dead Sea, the saltwater lake is now disappearing – its levels dropping by three feet per year.
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