The Bank of Israel held its benchmark interest rate at 0.1% for a 10th straight policy meeting on Monday, citing risks to the economic recovery from the emerging Delta variant in the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Inflation has begun to climb in Israel but, as with other central banks, policymakers have said it is difficult to determine whether the rise is transitory and pandemic concerns remain.
While Israel's economy is largely open amid a steep drop in virus infections, the number of cases has gradually risen in recent weeks.
"At this stage, the morbidity level is low, but the spread of the disease poses some risk to the continued recovery of the economy," the central bank said in a statement, largely referring to the labor market.
"The [Monetary] Committee will therefore continue to conduct a very accommodative monetary policy for a prolonged time."
The bank's staff lowered its economic growth estimate for 2021 to 5.5% from 6.3%, but foresees 6% growth in 2022, saying they expected the monetary policy committee to keep rates steady after doing so ever since cutting them from 0.25% more than a year ago.
With the next rate move widely expected to be an increase in 2022 or 2023, analysts had sought more clarity from the Bank of Israel on its quantitative easing (QE) programs. The central bank is some 20 billion shekels (roughly $6 billion) shy of a planned ceiling of NIS 85 billion ($26 billion) in government bond purchases that have stabilized bond yields.
Bank of Israel Governor Amir Yaron said that given the current rate of purchase, the program is expected to end towards the end of the year.
"Closer to that period we will announce our steps, and they will, of course, be conditioned on market conditions at the time," he told a news conference.
The central bank has also bought $22 billion of foreign currency over the first five months of 2021 out of a planned $30 billion in a bid to contain a strong shekel.
Yaron said, "We are certainly not limited to a maximum intervention of $30 billion for this year – when the program ends," and the bank will continue to act in the forex market as needed and taking economic activity into account.
The shekel was flat at 3.26 per dollar in late trading.
The Bank of Israel said, though, it would end a program that provides long-term loans to the banking system against credit extended to small businesses by Oct. 1.
Israel's inflation rate jumped to 1.5% in May – near the midpoint of the government's 1-3% annual target range – from 0.8% in April.
The central bank's economists project a 1.7% inflation rate in 2021 and 1.2% in 2022, with the key interest rate unchanged over the next year.
They also anticipate the budget deficit declining to 7.1% of the gross domestic product in 2021 and 3.8% in 2022 after hitting 11.6% last year.
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