Israel's first spacecraft designed to land on the moon is set to blastoff from Florida on Thursday night (early Friday Israel time) in the first privately-funded lunar mission, as the Jewish state seeks to become only the fourth nation to reach the surface of Earth's natural satellite.
The unmanned robotic explorer named Beresheet – Hebrew for the word "Genesis" – was due for liftoff from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station at 8:45 p.m. EST (01:45 GMT Friday) atop a Falcon 9 rocket launched by the California-based entrepreneur Elon Musk's SpaceX company.
The 1,290-pound (585 kg), dishwasher-sized lander was built by Israeli nonprofit space venture SpaceIL and the Israel Aerospace Industries with $100 million furnished almost entirely by private donors.
If the launch is successful, Beresheet is due to arrive on the near side of the moon in April following a two-month journey through 4 million miles (6.5 million kilometers) of space.
SpaceIL said they hoped Beresheet will help inspire Israel's defense-focused space program to pursue more science missions by way of an "Apollo effect," referring to the manned lunar exploration program that became NASA's chief purpose in the 1960s and early '70s.
The United States, the former Soviet Union and China are the only three nations to date to have achieved controlled "soft" landings of spacecraft on the lunar surface.
The U.S. Apollo program tallied six manned missions to the moon – the only ones yet achieved – between 1969 and 1972, with about a dozen more unmanned landings combined by the United States and Soviets. China made history in January with its Chang'e 4, the first to touch down on the dark side of the moon.
The SpaceIL project has ballooned in cost over the years to around $100 million, financed largely by Dr. Miriam and Sheldon Adelson and SpaceIL president and billionaire high-tech developer Morris Kahn, as well as other donors from around the world.
"This is the beginning of Israel's story in deep space ... whether this succeeds or fails," Kahn, who invested $44 million of his own money into the Beresheet project, told Reuters in an interview.
The Falcon 9 rocket will thrust Beresheet into a "long and complex" Earth orbit where it will spend roughly five weeks gradually widening its orbit until close enough to enter the moon's gravitational field. From there, the spacecraft will execute a series of maneuvers to reach its destination between the landing sites of Apollo 15 and 17 by mid-April.
During a mission slated to last just two to three days on the moon, Beresheet will use on-board instruments to photograph the landing site, measure the moon's magnetic field and send all the data back to SpaceIL's Israel-based ground station, via NASA's Deep Space Network, SpaceIL vice president Yigal Harel told Reuters.
If successful, Beresheet will end up as the prototype for a series of future moon landing missions jointly planned by IAI and Germany's OHB System on behalf of the European Space Agency.
SpaceIL has no plans for future explorations of its own beyond Beresheet and "will not continue after this mission," Harel said.
The Adelson family owns the company that is the primary shareholder in Israel Hayom. Dr. Miriam Adelson is the publisher of Israel Hayom.
